| ᠴᠧᠨ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠪᠢ ︵1919.2 — 1994.8︶ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | ᠤᠨ ᠴᠧᠨ ᠭᠦᠢ ᠭᠧ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠫᠷᠤᠹᠧᠰᠰᠤᠷ᠂ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ᠃ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ︾ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ | ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ 1984 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ 1985 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1944 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ 1948 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠂ 1949 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠸᠶᠢᠫᠢᠩ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ 1950 | ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1951 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠬᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1956 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ︵ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠨ᠂ 1957 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠬᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠦᠭᠤᠳᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠷᠱᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ︾ ︵ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ︶ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠯᠦᠰᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤ ︽ | ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠦᠷᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ︾ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠤᠷᠤᠰ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠱᠸᠢᠢᠰᠮᠧᠭᠳᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ︾ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ | ︽ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ︾ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ︽ᠮᠠᠷᠱᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | 1994 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 13 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠴᠧᠨ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠪᠢ ᠬᠦᠬᠡᠬᠤᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠂ 76 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠃ | ︽ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ ︾ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | | |