| ᠬᠠᠮᠪᠤᠤ ︵1911—1988︶ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠷᠤᠪᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠼᠢ ᠵᠧᠨ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠨ᠃ 1911 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤ ︵ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 8 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ | ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ 4 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1926 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ | ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠰᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠩᠰᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠾᠸᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠸᠡᠮᠫᠠᠨ | ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩᠰᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ 1929 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠠᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠧᠯᠢᠩᠪᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠦᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ | ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠡ᠃ 1937 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠭᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠡ᠃ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ | ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠭᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ | ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ 29 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 7 ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ | ᠠᠪᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 8 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ 1938—1940 ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠂ 1941 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠤᠭᠤᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ | ᠮᠤᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠪᠤᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1944 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠃ 1945 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ︵ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠩᠳᠡ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ | ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠡ᠃ 1946 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 11 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠢ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠤᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠬᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | 1949 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠴᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠭᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ 1950 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠨᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠦᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ | ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠡᠳᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ 1952 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ《 ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ》ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠪᠡ᠃ 1956 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ | ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠠᠪᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠡ᠃ 1959 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠂ 1960 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1961—1966 ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1981—1988 | ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠡᠷ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠂ 1980 —1988 ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | 1988 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 24 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | | ︽ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ︾ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ | |