| ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠱᠸᠦ ︵1901—1984︶ | ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠤᠭᠦᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠸᠧᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ | ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠨ᠃1929 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ | ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠴᠢᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂《 ᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ》 ᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ | ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠭᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ | ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠤᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠵᠡᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠡ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠬᠠᠯᠠ᠂ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ | ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠪᠴᠢ | ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠰ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠡ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ | ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠦᠳᠡᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠡᠷᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡᠳᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠤᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃1955 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠢ | ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1963 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠴᠢᠨᠡᠨ | ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2400 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠮᠦ ᠤᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠰ | ᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠩᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | | ︽ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ︾ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ |